Introduction to Scuba Diving

Scuba, a common word, is actually an acronym fordivers.
Self Contained Underwater Breathing ApparatusA person has to be at least at least 15 years old to
originated in 1939 to refer to US military diver'sget the open water diver certification, in good health
rebreather sets used by the Navy. A Scuba set isand be able to swim 200 yards using any stroke, and
basically an independent breathing equipment,float or tread on water for about 10 minutes. Some
equipped with breathing gas that enables divers toof the most popular and biggest scuba diving
stay underwater for considerably long periods ofcertification agencies include PADI, NAUI, YMCA,
time. The Aqualung was the first modern scuba divingScuba Schools International, and PDIC. These
equipment invented by Jacques-Yves Cousteau andorganizations offer some of the best scuba courses
Emile Gagnan in 1943.and training instructors available. There is also a Junior
Scuba diving, which was initially intended for militaryOpen Water Diver Certification for people between
and scientific use, has now become one the mostages 10 to 15, provided by agencies such as
popular recreational water sports around the worldBubblemakers, Scuba rangers, and SASY.
today. Children, as young as 10 years old, can nowBasic scuba diving equipment includes accessories
get Open Water Diver Certification (junior) fromsuch as the mask, fins, snorkel, weight belt etc.
various centers. Scuba diving can be a lot of fun forThere are two main types of scuba sets -
people who love marine life, commonly used byopen-circuit and closed-circuit.
recreational divers for fish identification, search andMost scuba divers use standard air - 21% Oxygen,
recovery, underwater photography or videography,79% Nitrogen - for their open-circuit scuba sets,
etc. However, since scuba diving is a fairly dangerouswhich is much more cost-effective than using
sport, it is recommended by experts to takemixtures such as heliox and trimix. The open-circuit
necessary lessons or certifications before pursuingscuba set (also known as Aqualung) itself is quite
the sport as a hobby.simple so is also cheaper and more popular than other
Commercially, scuba diving is used for underwatertypes. Basically, the user breathes in from the set
constructions such as oil platforms, bridges, docks,and out to waste, with the gas cylinder worn on the
dams, nuclear power plants and other coastalback. There are 2- and 3 backpack cylinders
structures. Scuba diving, which involves scientificopen-circuit scuba sets available.
surveys and inspections, is known as scientific diving,Closed-circuit scuba sets use rebreathers. In this
which is exclusive to scientific purposes such assystem, exhaled air is reprocessed by the rebreather
underwater experiments and underwaterto make it fit for re-inhalation. This can be very
archaeology. As for the military, scuba diving haseconomical for people who need to take long dives.
been put to use for naval ship repair andThe three types of rebreathers include oxygen,
construction, and includes specialized diving divisionssemi-closed circuit and fully-closed circuit rebreathers.
such as explosives ordnance disposal and combatant