Natural Gas Outlook 2010

The outlook for natural gas remains negative as thein storage. Working gas in storage was 3,837 Bcf as
supply of the fuel outstrips demand. This situation willof Friday, November 27, 2009, according to EIA
remain in place throughout the 2009-2010 heatingestimates. This represents a net increase of 2 Bcf
season, unless the U.S. experiences an extremely coldfrom the previous week. Stocks were 470 Bcf higher
winter. The earliest this situation will change will bethan last year at this time and 487 Bcf above the
during the 2010 - 2011 heating season, when available5-year average of 3,350 Bcf. In the East Region,
supply might be lower. Until then investors shouldstocks were 168 Bcf above the 5-year average
tread carefully when considering the natural gasfollowing net withdrawals of 7 Bcf. Stocks in the
market.Producing Region were 243 Bcf above the 5-year
Natural Gas Demandaverage of 976 Bcf after a net injection of 8 Bcf.
According to the Energy Information Agency (EIA)Stocks in the West Region were 76 Bcf above the
the natural gas outlook predicts decline in total natural5-year average after a net addition of 1 Bcf. At
gas consumption to decline by 1.3 percent in 20093,837 Bcf, total working gas is above the 5-year
followed by an increase by 0.6 percent in 2010 (Totalhistorical range.
U.S. Natural Gas Consumption Growth). Growth dueAs shown in the chart from the EIA, Working Gas in
to weather related use in the residential andUnderground Storage Compared with 5-Year Range
commercial sectors in 2009 cannot overcome thewas well above the range.
current economic weakness in the industrial and
electric power sectors. Consumption in the industrialProducers, due to voluntary shut-ins, completion
and electric power sectors is expected to decline bydelays, and pipeline/gathering constraints, have been
5.1 and 1.0 percent, respectively, inreducing supply for several months. Since storage
2009. Consumption growth in 2010 remains largelycapacity is at an all time high, recent injections have
dependent upon the timing and pace of economicbeen low. With gas prices around the $5.00 area, we
recovery. Based on current assumptions, 2.2-percentshould expect production to pick up as withdrawal
growth in the electric power sector combined withrates increase. It is difficult to determine how much
slight growth in the residential and industrial sectorsproduction will return, though it will tend to offset the
are all expected to contribute to 2010 consumptionwithdrawal rates.
growth.Prices
Included in the natural gas outlook, prices couldPrice decreases leading up to Thanksgiving reflected
remain low over the next few years as newthe usual decrease in demand that generally occurs
coal-fired electricity plants open, reducing the overallduring a holiday week. A decrease in industrial
amount of the natural gas used to generate power.demand and milder-than-normal temperatures in some
According to Jen Snyder of Wood Mackenzie, whenareas of the country also drove price down.
these new plants come online, demand for naturalAccording to Bentek Energy, LLC, total U.S. demand
gas could rise sharply as older coal-fired plants aredipped during the Thanksgiving holiday and demand in
retired and government policies show a greaterall regions was lower than the week prior. Demand
preference for cleaner energy sources.for natural gas has been slow to recover, although
In her view, prices could even spike to $10 per millionthe onset of colder weather will encourage
British Thermal Units in the 2013-2014 timeframe, asspace-heating demand, according to Bentek. The
producers are unable to keep up, before falling backHenry Hub spot price is expected to average $5.01
to the $6.50 range after that period.per Mcf in 2009 and $5.93 per Mcf in 2010.
Winter weather is the leading factor in natural gasContributing to the natural gas outlook, the price
demand. Cold winters lead to use of more gas.disparity between natural gas and oil has widened,
Warmer winters reduce demand.leading some to believe that there is a natural
For example, the Oceanographic and Atmosphericupward pressure on natural gas. Part of the reason oil
Administration (NOAA) reported that there were 130is experiencing higher prices is from the growing
TDDs, or Total Degree Days (2 of which weredemand from emerging economies. While North
CDDs, or Cooling Degree Days) during the weekAmerica has an overabundance of natural gas, it is
ending November 28. This was 19% below normaldifficult and costly to export. Therefore, the market
levels and 29% below last year. This warmerfor gas remains within the continent. The relative
weather caused the use of natural gas to be muchprice of natural gas to oil is changing as the dynamics
lower than in past years.of demand for oil are changing. We should not
Colder weather in December will drive up demand.depend on the relationship to drive the price of gas in
What is important to follow is how long the coldthe future. Substituting natural gas for oil requires
weather will last and whether the temperatures aresubstantial capital investment. Following government
average, below average or above average.policy, the focus is to bypass natural gas as a fuel
Using NOAA weather factors and EIA historicalfor transportation and go directly to electricity. The
withdrawal rates, Raymond James developed theT. Boone Pickens plan to use natural gas, as an
natural gas outlook tables below showing expectedinterim fuel while the infrastructure to use electricity
withdrawal rates. If this forecast turns out to beis deployed is not working out as he expected.
correct, the U.S. will end up with substantially moreShorter term, the following is a possible scenario for
gas still in storage than in prior periods. Should thenatural gas outlook over the next year or two. The
winter of 2009 – 2010 be colder than expected,large increase in proved reserves has come from
the withdrawal rates will raise accordingly. Theshale gas using hydraulic fracturing and horizontal
forecast for 2009-2010 withdrawals of natural gas isdrilling. Natural gas produced from shale can lose as
substantially lower than average. Keep in mind thatmuch as 50% of its production rate in one year. To
many producers have curtailed or shut down theirmaintain the same level of production natural gas
production as places to store gas were not available.producers must drill more wells than other formations.
This production can come online helping to offsetWith the high levels of storage, producers have
some of the withdrawal rates.curtailed their drilling programs. As a result, they will
experience lower production within the next year.
Natural Gas SupplyThis means production will taper off in the spring to
According to the EIA, with so much gas in storagesummer of 2010. If companies do not pick up their
the outlook for natural gas annual production in 2010drilling in the middle of 2010, available supply will not
is expected to decline relative to 2009 in the Federalcome online to recharge storage. this could lead to an
Gulf of Mexico and Lower-48 non-Gulf of Mexico byincrease in prices as supply fails to reach prior levels,
6.3 and 0.6 percent, respectively. meaning the earliest natural gas prices can make a
For the week ending November 28, 2009, the EIAcomeback is late 2010.
reported that natural gas in U.S. storage facilitiesUntil then the price of natural gas will remain under
increased by 2 Bcf. Working gas in storage nowpressure as supply exceeds demand. Therefore,
totals 3,837 Bcf versus 3,367 Bcf in storage last year.investing in the natural gas ETF (UNG) will not prove
The y/y storage surplus of 404 Bcf increased by 66viable until next summer at the earliest as investors
Bcf to 470 Bcf.begin to realize that the supply will not reach 2009
The EIA publishes a weekly report of the natural gaslevels.